• 縦断じゅうだん — traverse north–south
• 操縦そうじゅう — steering / piloting
• 縦横じゅうおう — vertically and horizontally / freely
• 縦列じゅうれつ — vertical row
• 縦書きたてがき — vertical writing

縦 combines 糸 (thread) and 從 (to follow), evoking thread “following down” in a straight line — the vertical dimension. In compounds it can also imply obeying or being subject to control (as in 操縦).

縦たてに 長ながい 箱はこを 探さがしています。
I’m looking for a box that’s long vertically.

日本語にほんごの 新聞しんぶんは 縦書きたてがきが 多おおいです。
Japanese newspapers often use vertical writing.